; SAEs: Significant adverse events; TEAEs: Treatment-emergent adverse events; TLC: Total lung
; SAEs: Severe adverse events; TEAEs: Treatment-emergent adverse events; TLC: Total lung capacity Acknowledgements The study was sponsored by Novartis Pharma Schweiz AG. The authors thank the doctor investigators who contributed to patient enrolment, together with all the nursing and technical staff at every participating centre. For statistical support in the pooled evaluation, the authors thank Giovanni Bader from Novartis Pharma AG, Switzerland. The clinical trial was carried out in collaboration with THERAMetrics (previously Pierrel Investigation), who monitored the conduct with the study, performed randomisation and have been accountable for the collection on the information. The authors were assisted within the preparation in the manuscript by THERAMetrics (previously Pierrel Investigation) and Rohit Bhandari (experienced health-related writer; Novartis) for help in the preparation of this manuscript. Writing assistance was funded by Novartis Pharma AG, Switzerland. Funding Study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG, Switzerland. Writing assistance was funded by Novartis Pharma AG, Switzerland.Salomon et al. Respiratory Research (2017) 18:Web page 7 ofAvailability of information and materials Trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01699685). The datasets applied and/or analysed for the duration of the current study accessible in the corresponding author on affordable request. All information generated or analysed in the course of this study are incorporated in this published post and its supplementary information and facts files. Authors’ contributions All authors have supplied substantial contribution for the study conception and design and style, acquisition of information, or evaluation and interpretation of data. All authors have been involved in drafting/revising this manuscript for vital FGF-2 Protein medchemexpress intellectual content material and have given final approval of the version to be published. Competing interests Corinne Wild (CW) is usually a full-time employee of Novartis Pharma Schweiz AG. Andreas Clemens (AC) and Konstantinos Kostikas (KK) are full-time workers and shareholders of Novartis Pharma AG. Thomas Geiser (TG) has received advisory board and speaker fees from Novartis. Joerg Salomon (JS), JeanWilliam Fitting (J-WF), Thomas Sigrist (TS), Jean-Georges Frey (J-GF), Guido Domenighetti (GD) and Daiana Stolz (DS), Alexander J. Turk (AT), Andrea Azzola (AA), Ulrich Schmidt (US) and Martin Brutsche (MB) have no conflict of interests related to this manuscript. Consent for publication Not applicable. Ethics approval and consent to IL-21, Human participate The study protocol and all amendments had been reviewed by the Independent Ethics Committee or Institutional Overview Board for each center. Lead Ethic Committee: Ethikkommission des Kantons St. Gallen (Reference Number: EKSG 12/093/L/1B). Sub-ethic committees: Kantonale Ethikkommission Bern (Reference Number: 161/12), Comitato etico cantonale (Ticino) (Reference Number: Rif. CE 2618), Commission cantonale valaisanne d’ hique m icale (Reference Quantity: CCVEM 037/12), Commission cantonale d’ hique de la recherche sur l’ re humain (Reference Quantity: 334/12), Kantonale Ethikkommission (Aargau) (Reference Number: 2012/062), Kantonale Ethikkommission Basel (Reference Number: 246/12), and Kantonale Ethikkommission Z ich (Reference Quantity: KEK-ZH-Nr. 2012-0396). This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01699685). The study was conducted in accordance using the ethical principles on the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all individuals. Summary Indacaterol and glycopyrronium showed a stronger b.